The technique used distinguishes the different types of intaglio prints: etching, aquatint, and photogravure are made using acid to corrode the metal plate, while engraving, drypoint, and mezzotint are made using a sharp tool to incision or scratch the plate 's surface.
Woodblock printing, which appeared in China before 220 AD, was the earliest known form of printing applied to paper. The movable type invented by Bi Sheng around 1040 AD and the printing press invented by Johannes Gutenberg in the 15th century are also later developments in printing technology.
Lithography was primarily a graphic art form throughout the nineteenth century and, as such, still holds a high artistic reputation. Lithographs are artists' original artworks and are typically signed, while there is no signature for offset lithographic printing and reproductions.
As the inventor of the printing press, Johannes Gutenberg is usually cited. Indeed, the 15th-century contribution of the German goldsmith to technology was revolutionary, allowing for the mass production of books and the rapid dissemination of knowledge across Europe.
To operate printers used to output documents from a computer, there is no need for online access. It can be printed without an Internet connection provided that the document or file to be printed is stored on a local hard drive or on a local network.
Each printing process is divided into steps that are pre-press, press, and post-press. Prepress operations include steps during which the idea of a printed image is converted into an image carrier, such as a plate, cylinder, or screen.
Created in China, the printing press revolutionized society before being further developed by Johannes Gutenberg and his invention of the Gutenberg press in Europe in the 15th century.
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